Answer :
Answer:
The average energy of motion of particles in a substance is its kinetic energy. Therefore, temperature is the measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles of a substance. The thermal energy of the substance is the total energy of the substance.
Explanation:
We want to explain the relationship between particle motion, temperature, and thermal energy.
First, let's explain the relationship between thermal energy and temperature.
When we have a given object, as we give it thermal energy (there are different ways, like radiation, conduction, etc) the temperature of the object increases.
So we can say that the temperature is a measure of the stored thermal energy.
Now, the relation between temperature and particle motion is more interesting.
As we increase the temperature of a given object, the increase in energy (again, the temperature is related to energy) comes from an increase in the kinetic energy of the particles that make the object.
Thus, when we increase the temperature of something, the particles that conform it move more (remember that the kinetic energy is related to the velocity of the particles). This is why we usually see an increase in the volume when we heat up something.
And also this is why most elements have more volume in the gas phase than in the liquid phase, for example.
These are the relations between thermal energy, temperature and particle motion.
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