Answer :
The amino acids in polypeptides are held together by the peptide bonds. Adipeptide is formed by the reaction between the α-carboxyl and α-amino groups of two amino acids.
The partial double bond character of the C bond and N single bond in the transition state probably best shows what exists in nature.
Electrons are shared by the oxygen and nitrogen atoms, and the N single bond and C single bond and O bonds are both “one-and-one-half” bonds. The short carbonyl carbon and nitrogen bond length, 0.132 nm, is consistent with the partial patial double-bond character of the peptide linkage. The rigidity and planarity of the peptide bond are computating for by the fact that free rotation cannot occur around double bonds.
As we know that, groups joined by a single bond rotate freely around the bond, but those joined by double bonds don’t. Peptide bonds make up a major portion of protein chains.
Thus, we concluded that the peptide bonds is planar in structure and has two state one is trans and other one is cis.
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