Answer :
What they wanted was a government that would shoulder the costs of actually ruling China, while letting them reap all the rewards of unrestricted trade.
The Taiping rebellion External link (1850- 1864) was the most expansive of a series of internal conflicts which devastated China in the alternate half of the 19th century. Its agitator, Hóng Xiùquán( 1814- 1864), a religious visionary, believed that he was transferred to set up the Heavenly Kingdom of Peace on earth. His governance was theocratic but introduced a programmer of radical profitable and social reforms. The rebellion cost between 20 and 30 million lives.
The history of the events which led up to Great Britain's active hindrance with the Ti- ping rebellion in China must be told at some little length. It affords an intriguing study, and, I suppose, inventories of exemplifications rather of what to avoid than of what to emulate in dealing with great reform movements in Oriental lands.
After the collision with the Ti- ping revolutionists at Nankin, and away on the Yang- tse- kiang, in 1858, Great Britain, which had always recognized the Ti- tangs as belligerents-adopted. The revolutionists were, still, from time to time reminded that they must neither intrude with British trade nor hazard British interests. therefore, for illustration, a proclamation by the Hon. F.W.A. Bruce, dated Shanghai, May 26th, 1860, refocused out that, Shanghai being a harborage open to foreign trade, commerce would admit a severe blow, were the place to be attacked and to come to the scene of civil war and went on to declare that, without taking any part in the contest or expressing any opinion as to the rights of the parties to it, the British might justifiably cover the megacity, and help the Chinese authorities in conserving tranquility within it( yet, writing to Lord John Russell from Shanghai on June 10th, 1860, Mr. Bruce had said," I'm inclined to misdoubt the policy of trying to restore, by force of arms, the power of the Homeric government in metropolises and businesses enthralled, or father overrun, by the mutineers." And, after disapproving intervention, went on,". the Chinese, deprived of popular revolution- their rude but efficient remedy against original tyrants- would, with justice, throw on the outsider the dishonor of surpluses that his presence alone would render possible. No course could be so well calculated to lower our public character as to advance our material support to a government, the corruption of whose authorities is only checked by its weakness").
Mr. Bruce did not, unfortunately, stay for the revolutionists actually to attack Shanghai ere he began to make a distinction between them and the Imperial party, similar as, supposedly, he'd no right to make so long as the Ti- tangs were officially recognized as belligerents; for, a many months after his proclamation above indicated to, he refused to allow the consuls to hold any communication with certain insurrectionary authorities at Soo- chow, and ordered them to take no notice of a dispatch which had been entered from one of the insurrectionary leaders. This station was inconsistent, and, as events proved, dangerous. Neutrality, similar as Mr. Bruce professed, shouldn't have allowed him to take further notice of Imperial than of Ti- ping dispatches; nor could he complain if, so long as he declined to notice dispatches from the Ti- tangs, the Ti- tangs paid little attention to dispatches from him. It was the anomalous and antithetical situation created by Mr. Bruce that, I believe, was firstly responsible for the numerous bloody collisions which followed between the British forces and the revolutionists, who, it's notorious, were particularly anxious to gain European countenance, and utmost unintentional designedly to provoke European hostility.
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